在英语学习中，强调句是一种非常实用的句型结构，用于突出句子中的某个特定成分，如人、物、时间、地点或方式等。掌握强调句的用法，不仅有助于提升语言表达的准确性，还能让句子更加生动有力。本文将为大家介绍英语中常见的强调句结构及其例句，帮助大家更好地理解和运用。
一、基本结构：It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他成分
这是英语中最常见的强调句结构，适用于强调主语、宾语、状语等成分。
1. 强调主语
- 原句：Tom broke the glass.
- 强调句：It was Tom who broke the glass.
（强调的是“Tom”这个主语）
- 原句：The teacher gave me a book.
- 强调句：It was the teacher who gave me a book.
（强调的是“the teacher”）
2. 强调宾语
- 原句：I saw her in the park.
- 强调句：It was her that I saw in the park.
（强调的是“her”这个宾语）
- 原句：He bought a car yesterday.
- 强调句：It was a car that he bought yesterday.
（强调的是“a car”）
3. 强调时间状语
- 原句：We met at 8 o’clock.
- 强调句：It was at 8 o’clock that we met.
（强调的是“at 8 o’clock”）
- 原句：She arrived last week.
- 强调句：It was last week that she arrived.
4. 强调地点状语
- 原句：They live in Shanghai.
- 强调句：It was in Shanghai that they live.
- 原句：He found the key under the table.
- 强调句：It was under the table that he found the key.
5. 强调方式或原因
- 原句：She passed the exam by studying hard.
- 强调句：It was by studying hard that she passed the exam.
- 原句：He failed because he didn’t prepare well.
- 强调句：It was because he didn’t prepare well that he failed.
二、注意点与常见错误
1. “that” 和 “who”的使用
- 当被强调的是人时，可以用“who”或“that”，但更常用“who”。
- 当被强调的是物或事情时，必须用“that”。
✅ It was John who called me.
❌ It was John that called me.（虽然语法上可以接受，但不推荐）
2. 时态一致性
强调句中的“it was”或“it is”要与原句的时态保持一致。
- 原句：He will come tomorrow.
→ 强调句：It is tomorrow that he will come.
- 原句：She had left before I arrived.
→ 强调句：It was before I arrived that she had left.
3. 避免重复强调
不建议对同一个句子进行多次强调，否则会显得啰嗦。
三、总结
英语强调句是增强语言表达力的重要工具，通过“it is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 其他成分”的结构，可以有效突出句子中的关键信息。掌握这一结构后，无论是写作还是口语表达，都能更加自然流畅地传达自己的意思。
希望本文能帮助大家更好地理解并运用英语强调句，提升英语综合能力！
